Read over the requirements for the research paper. Teachers purposely put guidelines and rules in writing. They also discuss the assignment with the class. Ask questions and take notes. Later, look at the syllabus. Try to get a greater feel for the teacher's expectations. Start thinking about a topic early.
Brainstorm topic ideas with other people or alone. Discuss possibilities with classmates and others who are familiar with the class and teacher.
Flip through the textbook or previous assignments. Sometimes footnotes or the bibliography at the end of a chapter will help spark an interest in some topic that was touched on but not covered in the text or class lecture or discussion.
Look for inspiration outside of class also. Roane State Community College (RSCC) suggests reading newspapers or magazines as well as watching broadcast news. Make a list of all ideas that come to mind.
Start eliminating topics that will not work. RSCC emphasizes making sure the topic "fits the assignment and is not too broad to analyze adequately or too narrow to complete the assignment." Be sure you have enough to say about the topic for the page length and that the topic does not require more research than the professor wants. Next, look at the remaining topics and choose one that interests you. If you feel passion about a topic, researching and eventually writing the paper will be easier.
Outline the paper. Write out important support as well as the introduction, thesis and conclusion. Be sure that subtopics have adequate support. This stage ensures that your paper will be organized and that you will not leave out important ideas. RSCC also suggests keeping your outline with the assignment and research papers for easy reference.
Find appropriate sources. Begin by looking for credible sources, either online or in the library. Find primary sources, or sources that originally created the research or wrote about a topic. If possible, use a variety of sources. Interview people or find video clips.