How to Solve Linear Autonomous Systems

Solving autonomous linear systems is a technique in differential equations. Because students take differential equations after taking two semesters of calculus, you should be familiar with calculus techniques before attempting these problems. Autonomous means the equation does not expressly depend on an independent variable, t. To put it another way, y' = f (y) rather than y' = f (t, y). Linear means the equation does not have the derivative multiplied by the function itself; that is, terms such as y*dy/dx are not involved.

Instructions

    • 1

      Put the differential equation in the initial form dy/dt + p(t) y = g(t). This is a standard form which will help you solve the problem.

    • 2

      Find the integrating factor, e^S p(t) dt, where S stands for the integral sign. Integrate the power on e and rewrite the integrating factor with the new function as its power.

    • 3

      Multiply all terms on both sides of the equation by the integrating factor. Note that the left-hand side becomes the product rule, ((e^S p(t) dt) * y(t))', and write it in this form.

    • 4

      Integrate both sides of the equation. Don't forget to add a constant of integration, +c, to the right-hand side of the equation. (You could add a different arbitrary constant to each side of the equation, then subtract the one on the left, but the result is the same, since c is arbitrary anyway.)

    • 5

      Solve the equation for y(t). Your answer will still contain the arbitrary constant, c, which can only be solved for a specific value if you were given some initial conditions to plug into the equation.

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