Here's a breakdown of their key features:
What they were:
* A set of liturgical books: These included the Missal, Breviary, Gradual, Antiphonary, and Processionale.
* Used for daily worship: They contained the prayers, hymns, and readings used throughout the liturgical year.
* Based on the Roman Rite: The Sarum rite was a variant of the Roman Rite, with some regional additions and modifications.
Why they were important:
* Widely used in England: The Sarum Manuals became the standard liturgical books for most of England, replacing older local rites.
* Influenced English church architecture: The layout of churches, such as the position of the altar and the arrangement of choir stalls, was often influenced by the Sarum Manuals.
* Contributed to English religious culture: The Sarum rite shaped the devotional practices and spiritual life of the English people for centuries.
Key features:
* Emphasis on the Virgin Mary: The Sarum rite featured numerous Marian prayers and devotions.
* Elaborate rubrics: Detailed instructions guided priests and choristers in performing the liturgy.
* Rich musical traditions: The Sarum Manuals included a wealth of liturgical music, including chant and polyphony.
Decline and legacy:
* The Reformation: The Sarum Manuals were largely abandoned after the English Reformation in the 16th century.
* Lasting influence: Though no longer in widespread use, the Sarum Manuals continue to be studied by historians and liturgical scholars for their insights into medieval English religion and culture.
If you're interested in learning more about the Sarum Manuals, you can find resources at libraries, online, and through historical societies dedicated to medieval liturgical practices.