Here are some strong contenders and why:
1. Beowulf (c. 8th century): This epic poem, originally written in Old English, is considered the most important piece of Anglo-Saxon literature. It is a powerful story of heroism, monsters, and the fate of kings, which has influenced countless later works. It is often argued that *Beowulf* represents the very beginnings of English literature and is a foundational text.
2. The Canterbury Tales (c. 14th century): Written by Geoffrey Chaucer, this collection of stories told by a group of pilgrims on their journey to Canterbury Cathedral is considered a masterpiece of Middle English literature. It is praised for its humor, realism, and social commentary, and it established a standard for English literature.
3. The Morte d'Arthur (c. 15th century): This collection of Arthurian legends, compiled by Sir Thomas Malory, is a cornerstone of English literature and has had a profound impact on Western culture. It is a grand narrative of chivalry, love, and the fall of a great kingdom.
Arguments for other works:
* Some argue that The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (c. 9th century), a historical record of events in England, is the first great work of English literature.
* The Dream of the Rood (c. 10th century), a poetic account of the crucifixion of Christ, is also a significant early work.
Conclusion: Ultimately, there is no definitive answer to the question of England's first great work of English literature. All of these works are important and influential, and each contributed to the development of English literature in its own way. It's more important to appreciate the breadth and depth of English literary history, rather than trying to pinpoint a single "first" great work.