I. Large-Scale Structure:
* Plot Structure: This is the fundamental framework. Common structures include:
* Linear: Events unfold chronologically.
* Nonlinear: Events are presented out of chronological order (e.g., flashbacks, flashforwards, in media res).
* In medias res: The story begins in the middle of the action.
* Episodic: A series of related but self-contained episodes.
* Circular: The story ends where it begins, often with a different understanding.
* Narrative Arc: This refers to the overall shape of the story, typically including:
* Exposition: Introduction of setting, characters, and initial situation.
* Rising Action: Development of conflict and complications.
* Climax: The point of highest tension and turning point.
* Falling Action: The aftermath of the climax, where loose ends are tied up.
* Resolution/Denouement: The conclusion, where the conflict is resolved (or not).
* Theme: The underlying message or idea the author wants to convey. The organization of the plot directly serves to illustrate and explore the theme.
* Point of View: The perspective from which the story is told (first person, third person limited, third person omniscient, etc.). This significantly affects how information is revealed and the story is organized.
II. Smaller-Scale Organization:
* Chapters/Sections: Dividing the story into manageable chunks, often marking shifts in time, location, or perspective.
* Scenes: Smaller units within chapters, typically focusing on a specific action or interaction in a particular place and time. Authors carefully choose where to begin and end scenes to create pacing and suspense.
* Paragraphs: Units of related sentences that build ideas and contribute to the overall flow of the narrative.
* Sentences: The basic building blocks of prose, carefully crafted for rhythm, style, and meaning.
III. Planning and Outlining:
Authors use various methods to organize their stories before writing:
* Outlining: Creating a detailed plan of the plot, characters, and key events. This can be a traditional linear outline or a more flexible mind map.
* Character sketches: Developing detailed profiles of characters, including their motivations, relationships, and backstories.
* Setting descriptions: Establishing the environment and its impact on the story.
* Timeline: Creating a chronological overview of events.
* Plot diagrams: Visual representations of the story's structure.
* Freewriting/Brainstorming: Generating ideas and exploring different possibilities without a rigid structure.
IV. Revision and Editing:
Organization is not a one-time process. Authors often revise their work extensively, reorganizing sections, adding or removing material, and refining the flow and pacing of the narrative.
In short, organizing a story is a complex process that involves both large-scale structural decisions and meticulous attention to detail at every level. The best approach varies greatly from author to author and depends heavily on the genre and the specific story being told.