Think of it this way: the plot is *what* happens, while the author's message is *what it means*. The message is often about complex ideas like:
* Human nature: Good vs. evil, love vs. hate, ambition, greed, compassion.
* Social issues: Injustice, prejudice, poverty, war, environmental destruction.
* The human condition: Life, death, suffering, joy, hope, despair.
* Moral dilemmas: Right vs. wrong, choices and consequences.
The message isn't always positive or easily identifiable. Sometimes, the author might present a complex or ambiguous message, leaving the reader to interpret it. The key is that the message is a significant idea explored throughout the work, not just a fleeting observation.