* Survival in a brutal world: The novel is a story about adaptation and resilience. White Fang, a wolf-dog hybrid, must navigate the harsh realities of the Yukon wilderness, where survival depends on strength, cunning, and ruthlessness. This theme highlights the struggle for existence in a challenging environment and the individual's capacity to overcome adversity.
* Civilization vs. savagery: Throughout the novel, White Fang grapples with the duality of his nature. He embodies both the wild instincts of his wolf ancestry and the domesticated traits instilled by his human companions. This conflict reflects the broader societal debate on the inherent nature of humanity and the impact of civilization on the individual.
* The power of love and empathy: Despite his initial wildness, White Fang gradually learns to trust and love humans, particularly Weedon Scott. This transformation highlights the importance of compassion and understanding in bridging the divide between different species and social groups.
* The journey of self-discovery: White Fang's journey is also a journey of self-discovery. He learns to control his primal instincts and to find his place in the world, both in the wild and among humans. This theme speaks to the universal human experience of navigating identity and belonging.
Ultimately, London's purpose in writing *White Fang* is to explore the complexities of nature, human nature, and the human-animal relationship. He uses a compelling narrative to examine the themes of survival, savagery, and the power of love and empathy, ultimately urging readers to consider the interconnectedness of all living beings.