* Discrimination against the mentally disabled: Lennie's character represents the marginalized. He is intellectually disabled and unable to control his strength, making him a target for prejudice and fear. His dependence on George highlights the vulnerability of those with disabilities, who are often exploited or ostracized.
* The plight of the working class: The novel portrays the harsh realities faced by migrant workers in the 1930s. They are exploited, overworked, and treated with little respect by their employers. Their dreams are crushed by economic hardship and lack of opportunity.
* The American Dream's limitations: The characters' pursuit of the American Dream, epitomized by their shared vision of owning their own land, is ultimately unattainable. The novel suggests that the dream itself is often a cruel illusion, reserved for the privileged few.
* The power of friendship and compassion: Despite the harsh realities of their lives, the characters exhibit acts of kindness and compassion, highlighting the importance of human connection in a world that often dehumanizes. George's loyalty to Lennie, despite the burden it places on him, demonstrates the strength of empathy in the face of societal injustice.
* The struggle for agency and control: Many characters are deprived of agency and control over their lives. Lennie, due to his disability, is often manipulated and controlled by others. Crooks, isolated by his race, is confined to his own space. The novel emphasizes the lack of power and autonomy experienced by the marginalized.
In conclusion, *Of Mice and Men* uses its characters and plot to explore the complex themes of social justice, focusing on the discrimination against the mentally disabled, the exploitation of the working class, the unattainable American Dream, and the importance of human connection in a world that often lacks empathy.