1. Plot: The sequence of events that make up the story. It includes the exposition (introduction), rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution.
2. Character: The people (or sometimes animals or even objects) that populate the story. They are driven by motivations, have flaws, and undergo change.
3. Setting: The time and place where the story occurs. This can include physical locations, historical periods, and social contexts.
4. Conflict: The struggle or opposition that drives the plot forward. This can be internal (within a character) or external (between characters or against forces outside their control).
5. Theme: The underlying message or idea that the story explores. It can be about love, loss, redemption, social injustice, or any other profound topic.
6. Dialogue: The conversations between characters, which can reveal their personalities, advance the plot, and create tension.
7. Style: This refers to the author's use of language, tone, and literary devices to create a certain effect. It can be lyrical, humorous, or dramatic.
8. Symbolism: Objects, characters, or events that represent something beyond their literal meaning.
These are some of the most common dramatic elements, and their specific importance varies depending on the genre, style, and purpose of the work.
It's worth noting that some sources may combine certain elements (like plot and conflict) or emphasize different aspects, but these general categories provide a good foundation for understanding the building blocks of dramatic literature.