1. Explicit allusions: These are direct references to other works of literature, art, or history. For example, in Margaret Atwood's novel "The Handmaid's Tale," the protagonist, Offred, makes several references to the Book of Revelation, a biblical text.
2. Implicit allusions: These are indirect references to other works of literature, art, or history. For example, in F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel "The Great Gatsby," the character of Gatsby is often compared to the character of Faust from the Johann Wolfgang von Goethe play of the same name.
3. Parody: This is a form of literary criticism that imitates and exaggerates the style of another work in order to make fun of it. For example, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy series by Douglas Adams parodies many science fiction conventions.
4. Homage: This is a form of literary criticism that pays tribute to another work of literature, art, or history. For example, T.S. Eliot's poem "The Waste Land" makes numerous allusions to other works of literature, such as Dante's "Inferno" and James Joyce's "Ulysses."