Here's a breakdown:
Characteristics:
* Present Tense: Uses verbs in the present tense, even when discussing past events.
* Focus on Timeless Truth: Emphasizes the enduring nature of facts or ideas, regardless of their specific time of occurrence.
* Objectivity: Often used to create a sense of objectivity and neutrality.
* Common in Non-fiction: Frequently found in biographies, historical accounts, scientific writing, and academic essays.
Examples:
* "Shakespeare was a renowned playwright." (Even though Shakespeare lived in the past, the fact remains true.)
* "Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius." (This is a scientific fact that holds true regardless of when it is stated.)
* "The Earth rotates around the Sun." (This is a scientific truth that is presented as an ongoing event.)
Benefits:
* Creates a sense of immediacy and engagement: By using the present tense, the reader feels more connected to the information being presented.
* Conveys a sense of universality: Emphasizes that the facts or ideas being presented are applicable to all times and places.
* Facilitates clarity and conciseness: Can help simplify complex ideas by presenting them in a direct and straightforward manner.
When to use it:
* When describing a historical event or a generally accepted fact.
* When writing a summary or overview of a topic.
* When presenting scientific or academic information.
Remember: While the literary present is a useful tool for writing, it's important to use it judiciously. Avoid using it for events that are specific to a particular time or place, as it could lead to confusion.