The movie "Lifeboat" (1944) was based on a short story of the same name by John Steinbeck, but the movie itself was not a direct adaptation of a novel. He wrote the story for "The Saturday Evening Post" in 1943.
While Steinbeck wrote many novels (like "The Grapes of Wrath" and "Of Mice and Men"), "Lifeboat" was a standalone short story that was adapted into a film by Hitchcock.