Here's why:
* Printing Press: The invention of the printing press in the 15th century made books more accessible and affordable, paving the way for the novel's rise.
* Rise of the Middle Class: The 18th century saw a growing middle class with more leisure time and disposable income, creating a market for longer, more complex narratives.
* Emphasis on Reason and Individuality: The Enlightenment valued reason and individual experience, which found expression in the novel's focus on character development and exploration of social issues.
Key figures and works of this period:
* Daniel Defoe: *Robinson Crusoe*
* Jonathan Swift: *Gulliver's Travels*
* Samuel Richardson: *Pamela*
* Henry Fielding: *Tom Jones*
While the novel's popularity began in the 18th century, it has continued to evolve and flourish throughout history, becoming one of the most enduring and influential literary forms.