1. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM): Published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA), the DSM is the most widely used diagnostic tool in mental health. It provides criteria for diagnosing mental disorders and serves as a common language for clinicians and researchers. Each edition of the DSM includes a comprehensive list of mental disorders, along with their symptoms, diagnostic criteria, and other relevant information.
2. International Classification of Diseases (ICD): Developed by the World Health Organization (WHO), the ICD is another widely used diagnostic system. It is a broader classification system that includes mental disorders alongside other medical conditions. The ICD is used for tracking health trends, reimbursement purposes, and for statistical comparisons between countries.
Both the DSM and ICD provide standardized criteria for diagnosing mental disorders, allowing for greater consistency in diagnosis across different settings. They also facilitate research by providing a common framework for studying and comparing mental health conditions.