* Metaphor: Emerson uses metaphors to compare and contrast different ideas and concepts. For example, he compares society to a "prison" and the individual to a "free man." This helps to make his arguments more vivid and memorable.
* Parallelism: Emerson uses parallelism to create a sense of rhythm and balance in his writing. For example, he writes, "Trust thyself: every heart vibrates to that iron string."
* Rhetorical questions: Emerson uses rhetorical questions to engage the reader and to make them think about his arguments. For example, he asks, "Why should we live in a house made with other people's ideas?"
* Symbolism: Emerson uses symbols to represent abstract ideas. For example, he uses the symbol of the "over-soul" to represent the divine presence in nature.