Early Life and Education:
Rufino Alejandro was born on February 2, 1896, in Caloocan, Rizal (now part of Metro Manila). His father was a school teacher and his mother was a homemaker. He completed his primary and secondary education in Caloocan and then went on to study at the University of the Philippines (UP) in Manila, where he earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in philosophy.
Literary Career:
Alejandro began his literary career while he was still a student at UP. He wrote short stories, essays, and poems in both English and Tagalog, which were published in various literary magazines and newspapers. His first published work was a short story titled "Ang Dalagang Bukid" (The Country Maiden), which was published in the magazine "Liwayway" in 1918.
After graduating from UP, Alejandro worked as a journalist and editor for several newspapers and magazines. He also served as the editor of "Liwayway" magazine from 1922 to 1938. During his tenure as editor, he helped popularize short story writing in the Philippines and introduced many new writers to the literary scene.
Literary Contributions:
Rufino Alejandro is considered one of the pioneers of modern Filipino literature. He was known for his innovative and experimental style of writing, which incorporated elements of realism, naturalism, and symbolism. His works often dealt with social and political issues of his time, such as poverty, injustice, and the struggle for independence.
One of his most famous works is the short story "Ang Kuwento ni Mabuti" (The Story of Mabuti), which is considered a masterpiece of Philippine literature. This story tells the tragic tale of a young woman named Mabuti who sacrifices herself to save her family from poverty. It is a powerful and moving story that explores themes of selflessness, love, and the human condition.
In addition to his short stories, Alejandro also wrote several novels, essays, and poems. His novel "Ang Kalupi" (The Purse), published in 1927, is a significant work that delves into the lives of the urban poor in Manila. He also wrote a number of essays on social and political issues, as well as poems that reflected his personal experiences and emotions.
Legacy:
Rufino Alejandro's contributions to Philippine literature and journalism earned him recognition and acclaim. He was awarded the Commonwealth Literary Prize in 1937 for his novel "Ang Kalupi." He passed away on August 17, 1938, at the age of 42.
Alejandro's works have had a lasting impact on Philippine literature. He is remembered as a gifted storyteller and a literary innovator who helped shape the course of modern Philippine writing. His works continue to be read and studied by students and scholars today.