Before GCSEs (ages 11-16):
* 11+ Exam: This is a selective entrance exam used by some grammar schools to select pupils for entry at age 11. The content varies by school but typically tests English and maths abilities.
* Common Entrance Exam: Used by some independent schools to assess pupils for entry at age 11 or 13.
* Key Stage 2 (KS2) SATs: These national tests assess pupils' attainment in English, maths and science at the end of primary school (age 11). They are not formally qualifications but are used to track school performance and pupil progress.
At GCSE Level (age 16):
* GCSEs in a wider range of subjects: While most pupils take English Language, English Literature, Maths and Science, there are many other subjects available, from vocational subjects like Engineering and Construction, to Arts subjects like Music and Drama, and various Modern Foreign Languages.
* BTEC Nationals (Level 1/2): Vocational qualifications offered as alternatives to GCSEs, focusing on practical skills and knowledge.
At A-Level/Post-16 Level (ages 16-18):
* A-Levels: These are the most common qualifications for university entry, covering a range of academic subjects in more depth than GCSEs.
* AS-Levels (Advanced Subsidiary Levels): A shorter version of A-Levels, sometimes taken as a stepping stone or in addition to A-Levels. Less commonly used now.
* BTEC Nationals (Level 3): More advanced vocational qualifications than Level 1/2 BTECs, often leading to apprenticeships or university courses.
* International Baccalaureate (IB): An internationally recognised qualification offering a broad and challenging curriculum.
* Pre-U: Another pre-university qualification, often favoured by some independent schools.
* Access to HE Diplomas: Courses designed for adults who want to go to university but don't have traditional A-Levels. They are qualifications in their own right.
Other Exams and Qualifications:
* Professional qualifications: Many vocational areas offer professional qualifications that can be studied alongside or instead of A-Levels, e.g., in computing, accountancy, or law.
* University entrance tests: Some universities, especially for subjects like medicine, law, or engineering, require additional entrance tests (e.g., the UCAT, LNAT, BMAT).
* Aptitude tests: These assess specific abilities, sometimes used for particular university courses or job applications.
This is not an exhaustive list, as the range of exams and qualifications available is quite broad and constantly evolving. The specific exams a pupil takes will depend on their academic goals, school type, and individual circumstances.