Why does the constitution mandate compulsory education for all children of age?

The U.S. Constitution does *not* mandate compulsory education. There's no clause explicitly requiring it. Compulsory education is established at the state level, not the federal level. Each state has its own laws regarding compulsory school attendance, the age range, and any exceptions.

The idea behind compulsory education laws, though not constitutionally mandated, is rooted in several principles:

* Promoting the common good: A well-educated populace is seen as vital for a functioning democracy, economic prosperity, and social stability. Educated citizens are better equipped to participate in civic life, understand complex issues, and contribute to the economy.

* Preventing social ills: Compulsory education is also viewed as a way to reduce crime, poverty, and other social problems associated with lack of education.

* Protecting children's welfare: While the primary focus is on the benefits to society, compulsory education is also justified as a means of protecting children from exploitation and ensuring they have access to a basic level of education and care.

In short, while the Constitution doesn't directly require it, the widespread adoption of compulsory education laws across the states reflects a belief that it's crucial for the well-being of both individuals and society as a whole. These laws are based on state legislative power, not a federal constitutional mandate.