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Kids Project: How Soft Drinks Affect Teeth

You know you should avoid sugary soft drinks to avoid damaging your teeth, but is sugar the only culprit in these beverages? Find out by conducting a project comparing the effects on teeth of soft-drink ingredients such as cane sugar, high fructose corn syrup, artificial sweeteners, carbonation and acids (phosphoric and citric). Use real teeth from a dentist or teaching dental hospital, or substitute eggshells. Get help from friends and try to run all four experiments concurrently. When you compile the data and determine the weight difference in each tooth or egg shell, you will see how soft-drink ingredients affect your teeth.
  1. Sugar and High Fructose Corn Syrup Sweeteners

    • Label clean baby-food jars for each sugar or HFCS-sweetened soft drink you are testing, plus one for the water control. Suggested soft drinks include real cane-sugar-sweetened cola and a lemon-lime flavor, and an HFCS-sweetened cola and a lemon-lime flavor. If you have difficulty finding cane-sugar-sweetened soft drinks, check for "Retro" versions or stores that sell special Kosher Coke around Passover. Record all data and observations. Pour the liquids into the jars. Weigh each tooth or eggshell before putting one in each liquid. Wait three weeks. Remove the teeth or shells one at a time to observe and weigh them.

    Artificial Sweeteners

    • Choose at least one artificially sweetened cola and one lemon-lime flavor. Label clean baby food jars for each soft drink you are testing. Fill a jar with water for a control, and pour an artificially sweetened soft drink in each of the other jars. Record all data and observations. Weigh each tooth or eggshell before putting one in each jar. Let the jars sit undisturbed for three weeks. Remove the teeth or egg shells one at a time. Observe and weigh them.

    Carbonation

    • For each carbonated beverage you are testing, label a clean baby-food jar plus one for a control of water. Use club soda and sparkling mineral water for carbonated beverages to rule out the effects of cane sugar, HFCS, phosphoric acid or citric acid. Record your data and any observations. Weigh each tooth or eggshell. Pour one liquid into each jar, and add one tooth or egg shell. Do not disturb the jars for three weeks. One at a time, remove a tooth or eggshell, make observations and weigh them.

    Phosphoric and Citric Acids

    • For this experiment, use vinegar, non-carbonated, artificially sweetened orange drink, and flat artificially sweetened cola to rule out the effects of sugar, HFCS and carbonation. Label four clean baby-food jars. Set up one with water to use as a control, and pour each of the remaining liquids into the appropriate jar. Remember to record the data and observations. Weigh each tooth or eggshell before putting one into each jar. Allow the jars to sit for three weeks. Make observations and weigh each tooth or eggshell as you remove it from the jar.

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