Have students draw a pizza pie with six slices. Then tell them to imagine that they shared the pie with their best friend. One of them ate one-third of the pizza and the other person also ate one-third. Then ask students to find out what fraction of the pizza the two ate together. Another task they could do is find out what fraction of the pizza is left.
Candy bars can serve as a handy means to teach about addition and subtraction of fractions. Introduce a candy bar that has 12 sections. Then ask them to draw a candy bar with 12 sections. Ask them how they can divide the bar between themselves and a friend. For instance, they can keep six sections for themselves and give a friend the other six. Or they can keep eight sections for themselves and give the friend four sections. Either way, students must compute the fraction. At the end of the lesson, you can give the children some real candy as a reward.
There are some varieties of candies, such as M&Ms, that come in different colors. Open a pack of M&Ms and divide them into piles of different colors. Then ask the students to find out what fraction of the total any two colors make up. Then remove one of the colors and ask the students to find out what fraction the remaining colors make up of the total pile.
Have students fold a piece of paper into two and then color one half of it. Ask them what fraction of the paper is colored. Then ask them to fold the paper in half again and find what fraction of the paper is colored. When they do this the third time, they should again figure out what fraction of the paper is colored.