School uniforms help reduce the distractions of provocative or inappropriate clothing, which can help students focus more on learning.
School uniforms can promote a more equal environment in school by limiting socioeconomic differences between students. This may reduce bullying, cliques and teasing, which can also help students focus better on learning.
Proponents of school uniforms argue that they improve school safety. For example, school uniforms can help prevent gang formation and limit gang expression, reduce the risk of students getting robbed and help students and educators identify trespassers.
School uniforms limit students' ability to express themselves through their attire and accessories. Although school uniforms may improve discipline or safety, compromising student individuality may not be a sacrifice schools want to make. According to psychologist Dr. Alan Hilfer, "Clothes are a source of expression for children, and as kids get older, they become increasingly resentful of uniforms."
School uniforms may not be inexpensive, and since most students want normal clothing to wear when socializing with friends outside of school, parents may actually need to buy two separate wardrobes. Students who are growing quickly may find uniforms especially expensive.
School uniforms may not successfully create an atmosphere of student equality. Even if all students are wearing the same clothes, students may be able to express their socioeconomic status through their accessories, shoes or hairstyles. Moreover, students often see each other outside of school, especially older students. Although school uniforms may make socioeconomic differences less obvious, it seems unlikely that they will erase differences altogether.