Concept maps, which are sometimes referred to as concept trees, display relationships between ideas and/or concepts. They assist in organizing knowledge. For example, students learning about how apples grow may construct a concept map linking together apple trees, soil, sunlight, rain and fertilizer. They could also add insects that feed on apples and ways of preventing them.
Analogies transfer meaning from something that a person already knows to new knowledge, which aids in comprehension. For example, students who already know how flowers grow may compare the way flowers grow with the way that apples grow, such as flowers bud from seeds/bulbs as apples grow from trees that begin from seeds.
The inquiry strategy, which is sometimes referred to as discovery, allows students to generate their own comprehension. For example, students learning about how flowers grow may choose different seeds or bulbs, soil types, fertilizers, amount of sunlight and water in order to discover for themselves how different types of flowers grow and adapt to their surrounding environment.
The expository strategy is similar to inquiry or discovery; however, rather than students generating their own comprehension, the instructor presents the concept and leads students through the activity. For example, an instructor teaching about flower growth would explain the concept, present examples and supply students with certain seeds or bulbs, soil and so on; it is a controlled environment.