Prepare a lecture on symbolism for your students. Your presentation should clearly define symbolism and explain why writers use symbolism in literature.
Read a poem or a segment from a work of fiction as a class. Point out a specific passage where symbolism is used.
Explain to your class what the symbolic image represents. In Joseph Conrad's novel, "Heart of Darkness," fog and dark weather represents a coming moral dilemma for the protagonist.
Divide students into small groups to discuss a short reading. Ask them to find examples of symbolism and interpret it on their own. Have them present their findings to the class.
Assign a creative writing project to be worked on individually. Students should compose a poem or short story that employs the use of symbolism. This assignment will reinforce your lesson and encourage creativity.