* Broader Base Education: The system aims to provide a broader base of education compared to previous systems. The initial six years of primary education lay a foundational literacy and numeracy base. The three years of junior secondary school (JSS) introduce students to a wider range of subjects, including vocational subjects. This allows for exploration of different fields of interest before specialization.
* Vocational and Technical Training: The integration of vocational and technical subjects within the JSS curriculum is designed to equip students with practical skills, making them more employable. This addresses the skill gap often cited in the Nigerian economy.
* Enhanced Secondary Education: The three years of senior secondary school (SSS) allows for greater specialization and preparation for tertiary education or direct entry into the workforce. It provides more time for in-depth study in chosen subjects.
* Improved Transition to Tertiary Education: The structure is intended to create a smoother transition from secondary to tertiary education. The curriculum is meant to align with the entry requirements of universities and other higher institutions.
However, it's crucial to note that the *realized* advantages of the 6-3-3-4 system are significantly debated. Many argue that the system's implementation has fallen short of its intended goals due to various factors, including:
* Poor Funding and Infrastructure: Lack of adequate funding and infrastructure in many schools limits the effective implementation of the curriculum, particularly regarding vocational and technical training.
* Inadequate Teacher Training: Teacher training and resources are often insufficient to deliver the diverse range of subjects effectively.
* Curriculum Overload: The broad curriculum can lead to superficial learning rather than in-depth understanding, especially with limited resources.
* Examination Malpractice: Widespread examination malpractice undermines the system's ability to accurately assess student achievement.
In short, the 6-3-3-4 system *in theory* offers several advantages, but its practical effectiveness in Nigeria has been significantly hampered by systemic issues and challenges. The intended benefits are rarely fully realized due to these persistent problems.