Teaching logical consequences lends itself very well to role playing. Make a list of situations that might arise in the classroom, and have students role play the situation, including positive consequences for good decision-making and negative consequences for bad decision-making. Since logical consequences are not about punishment, redirect your students if they start to role play, doling out time outs or sending students to the principal's office, for instance.
One of the most effective tools for teaching logical consequences is sports and games. The rules in sports and games often follow logical consequence style. Following the rules, practicing, playing as a team and other positive behavior often have positive responses in the game, while cheating, poor sportsmanship and not putting in effort naturally result in poor results on the field or in the game. Use sports and games with your class to illustrate how logical consequences work.
When school starts, involve your students in designing the rules for your classroom, as well as the consequences for following and not following them. Rather than dictating the rules yourself, allow your students to discuss what behavior will be conducive to a positive learning environment. Once they have the rules down, have the discuss what the natural and logical consequences of both following and not following them might be.
Classroom discussion of public laws is a good way to introduce logical consequences. Make a list of some laws that affect your students, such as wearing seat belts and attending school, and some that your students might someday face, such as laws against shoplifting or drug use. Now have the students first discuss the punishments for these crimes, then talk about the logical consequences for breaking the laws. For instance, if your student doesn't wear a seat belt, their parents may be punished with a traffic ticket. The logical consequences for wearing their seat belt, however, include being safe in case of an accident, and for not wearing it, the consequences include injury.