Introduce the subject of structural engineering with a lesson on skyscrapers. Teach the history of tall buildings such as Italy's San Gimignano Towers and European Gothic cathedrals. Point out the important concept that skyscrapers need a foundation that spreads their weight. Many skyscrapers utilize foundations that dig deep underground.
Pass out three sheets of newspaper, 12 inches of tape and scissors to each student. Explain that for this competition different groups will work together constructing, on a limited budget, a building that can withstand hurricane-force winds. The group that uses the least amount of materials but still attain a tall height will win the contest.
Help students research buildings in their hometown. Ask them what kind of structural engineering these buildings have. Students should research large cylindrical shapes, foundations and trusses, which are triangular structural supports for buildings.
Give students a limited amount of time to finish their buildings and tell them they cannot secure them to tables. After 20 minutes, they should have basic designs to test. Blow out a full breath on the building at arm's length as a test for hurricane resistance. Students are allowed to return all their materials for new ones if their buildings fail, or they can rework what they have already completed. Give students another 25 minutes to put their buildings in final form.
Measure the height of each building and test it again with simulated hurricane-force winds. A successful skyscraper is one that still stands after you blow on it. Discuss with students which design is the winner.