Third grade students are expected to build proficiency in basic multiplication and division problems. A simple memory game, in which students must pair a fact card with its corresponding product card, is one that can be played in pairs or small groups in the classroom as well as at home. For students still acquiring proficiency in their multiplication facts, card sets can start with early basics (zero to three), with new problem cards added as learning continues. Matching cards can also be color coded in order to help students make connections between multiples and products. This can be used with division problems and quotients as well.
Another game that can be played as a whole class, in small groups or in pairs is "I Have...Who Has...?" in which students use cards with a product or quotient and a non-corresponding multiplication or division problem. One person starts: "I have four. Who has two times three?" The person whose card number is six will answer, following with the problem associated with his card. This can easily be adapted to include only doubles, tens or any other areas of focus.
Base ten is a worldwide concept that forms the foundation for understanding place value as well as multi-digit arithmetic problems. Activities that utilize base ten blocks provide students with tangible manipulatives with which they can explore different number values. Base ten worksheets can also be used to develop pre-algebra concepts including the unknown factor (x). By providing students with a problem that includes a number of single blocks, a function (+ or -) and a blank space followed by an answer that includes a base ten rod, educators encourage students to explore number combinations around the power of ten.
In the third grade, measurement may include time, volume or perimeter. Data measurement is also explored using tables, graphs and charts. Recording data of interest to students, such as the amount of water each can hold in his mouth, is an activity that is as engaging as it is educational. Have students work in small groups to measure and record the amount of water they can each hold in their mouths. During whole group lesson, review the amount that each student recorded, then have the class create representative charts.
Reasoning with shapes and their attributes is the foundation of understanding geometry. In the third grade, tangrams are an excellent way for students to build spatial learning skills while developing an understanding of how shapes can be manipulated. Tangrams can easily be differentiated to accommodate different learning levels. For those in need of assistance, individual shapes within each tangram can be clearly outlined, relieving students of the need to use spacial logic to create pictures. For those still working on proficiency, a few key pieces can be clearly outlined, with others undefined. Advanced learners may be provided simply with the expected shape and tangram blocks.
Understanding parts of numbers is a challenge presented to third grade math students. Supporting lessons and homework with games is a way to reinforce learning objectives in a fun manner. Games like "Odd Man Out" allow students to practice their understanding of fraction equivalents in whole class or small group settings. Create fraction cards in sets of three, with two fractions representing like amounts (such as 4/8 and 1/2) and one that is not equal to the others. Allow students to take turns holding cards, lining them up in front of the class or group. Other students must form lines in front of the person they believe is the "Odd Man Out," or the fraction that is not equal to the others. Those who have chosen the wrong number must sit down, while those who make it past the first round may continue playing, with the game going on until one student is left standing.