This simple experiment will let the young scientist find out what effects salt has on water's boiling point. The hypothesis of this project is that the salt will cause the water to boil at a higher temperature. The materials needed are salt, a pot, water, a measuring spoon, a thermometer and a spoon with which to stir. Bring the water to a boil, measuring at what temperature the water starts to boil, and record the information. Add 1 tablespoon of salt and observe that the water stops boiling. Record the temperature when the water begins to boil again. Add another tablespoon of salt to the pot and repeat the process. Be sure to keep a record of the total amount of salt that is in the pot of water. This experiment will prove the hypothesis to be true. Take pictures during the experiment if a project board will be used in the science fair.
A popular and easy science fair project is creating a model of the solar system. Kids can do this by either buying Styrofoam balls of different sizes at a craft store or using different sized fruits to symbolize the planets. Craft stores often sell kits with the proper sized balls to depict the sizes of the planets in relation to each other. You can accomplish the same objective by using cantaloupe, grapefruits, oranges, lemons, limes or anything else you can think of. It's important to label all the spheres with their proper names. These can either be mounted on wires or can be placed on a flat poster board with the planets' orbits drawn around the sun. Styrofoam balls should be painted the color of the planets for a more interesting look.
The hypothesis for this project is to find out which fruit is more efficient at producing seeds, which in turn, will sow more seeds for propagation. You will need different types of fruits, a knife, small paper cups, a marker and a chart on which to record the findings. Gather a variety of fruit, cut them one a time and pick out the seeds. Label a paper cup and put the seeds in it. Repeat the process with the rest of the fruits. Make a bar graph showing how many seeds each piece of fruit has.
This project will illustrate why there are different shaped valleys in our environment. You will need a variety of "earth" products, such as clay, soil, loam and gravel. You will also need room to build, either outside or in a shallow pan. You will need water and a camera to record the results. Build same-sized slopes using the different mediums and pour a stream of water at the top of each slope, letting the water run down, creating valleys. Take pictures to show the difference in the valleys and be sure to record the findings. This experiment will prove that the soil type will affect how the slope is eroded.