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Ideas for Density Projects

Density is defined as the amount of molecules an object contains. The best way to determine the density of an object is to place it in water. The greater an object's density, the more water that will be displaced by the object. Children often confuse weight with density. Here are four projects that demonstrate what density is and how it differs from weight.
  1. Sinking Pennies

    • You will need the following items to complete this project: a clear drinking glass, pan, water, pennies, sugar, teaspoon and a straw. Place the drinking glass in the pan. Fill the glass to the rim with water. Estimate how many pennies you think will need to be added to the glass to cause the water to overflow. Drop the first penny into the glass and let it fall to the bottom. The water level will rise slightly. Continue to add pennies to the glass until the water overflows. The density of the pennies causes the water level to rise.

    Three-Layer Float

    • You will need the following items to complete this project: oil, cork, a coin, a grape, water, honey and a clear drinking glass. Pour honey into the drinking glass until one-third full. Add oil to the glass until two-thirds full. Fill the remaining space in the glass with water. Allow the liquids to settle. Gently add a grape, a cork and a coin. The liquids will remain in separate layers inside the glass. Each of the items will sink to a different level according to their density.

    Rainbow in a Straw

    • You will need the following items to complete this project: a clear straw, clay, salt, three plastic cups filled with water, eye droppers and blue, red and yellow food coloring. Add a few drops of food coloring to each cup so that each is a different color. Pour a small amount of salt into the first cup, a medium amount in the next and a large amount to the third. Insert one end of the straw into clay so that the straw stands up straight. Use the eye dropper to collect water from each cup and place in the straw. The colors will stay separated according to how much salt was in each cup as the salt increases the density of water.

    Bowling Balls

    • You will need the following items to complete this project: an 8-pound bowling ball, a 12-pound bowling ball, water and a large tub. Fill the tub with water until three-quarters of the way full. Gently place the 8-pound bowling ball into the water, followed by the 12-pound bowling ball. The smaller ball will float while the 12-pound ball will sink. This is because of the density of the objects; while their diameter is the same, their density is not.

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