Although there is a typical developmental pattern that most students follow, teachers must understand that each child is also an individual. Grade school children come to class with a variety of familial and cultural backgrounds,learning styles and degrees of growth and abilities. Their family and cultural environment impacts a variety of aspects of each child's classroom behavior, including expected actions, language usage and even manners. Additionally, like adults, kids have their own unique personalities influencing every aspect of their lives from the friends who they choose to how they learn. To best instruct and interact with every student, teachers should be aware of each child's individual traits.
All teachers in public schools, and many in private or parochial schools, are required by state laws to have a teaching certificate. With some variation from state to state, a bachelor's degree plus courses in child development and educational theories and best practices are among the certification requirements. These courses provide student teachers with basic information on educational philosophies, sequential developmental steps, modes of learning and methods of classroom instruction. Additionally, many programs also offer specific classes in subjects such as literacy, culture and diversity, mathematics and the arts for teaching kindergarten through sixth grade.
When working with elementary school children it is key to set clear, consistent rules at the beginning of the school year. A well-functioning classroom includes a firm set of rules to keep the flow going without intrusions. Teachers should tailor class rules to the specific grade level. For example, first grade rules may include listening quietly to the teacher, raising hands to answer a question or always using an inside voice. Fifth grade rules may include higher level expectations such as turning in homework on time or not copying others' work during tests or assignments.
Elementary school teachers should create an environment that is warm and welcoming on an emotional, social and physical level. Keep daily classroom life upbeat and positive, making sure the children feel encouraged and supported. Additionally, the classroom environment should be highly interactive, allowing for exploration and communication. The physical arrangement of furniture can aid in this process; for example, placing students in groups or clusters of desks contributes to social development.