Before writing your speech, assess the situation. Consider the occasion for the speech and whether the setting is formal or casual. Analyze the demographics of your audience and the topics that interest them the most. Speaking to a room of college students is significantly different than giving a presentation to business executives. Understand the goals and expectations of your audience and whether they expect to be informed, persuaded or entertained. A successful speech relies on being correctly tailored to the audience.
The higher your level of expertise on a topic, the more comfortable you will be when delivering a presentation. Conduct extra research, especially if your audience will be asking questions during or after your speech. If you are giving a persuasive speech, consider the opposing viewpoint and address how to counter those opinions. Use credible sources and have evidence to fully support your claims.
Make an outline of your speech. Address the main points concisely and in a logical order. Your introduction must be strong enough to capture the attention of the audience. Integrate visual aids to keep the audience interested during technical or informative presentations. Transfer the completed outline onto index cards for use during your speech. Try to use the index cards as little as possible, referring to them only for references or a place reminder. The conclusion must be strong and summarize the key points. The conclusion should emphasize the main aspects you want the audience to take away from your speech.
Rehearse your presentation aloud, whether alone or in front of a friend or family member. If alone, practice in front of a mirror to assess body language. Make a mental note of how often you are referring to your note cards or breaking eye contact with the audience. Continue to rehearse until you feel comfortable with the material and less reliant on your notes. Practice in front of someone else to gain their feedback as well.
Nervousness is natural and normal. Almost everyone feels nervous before giving a presentation, It can be controlled with experience and mental preparation. Dress appropriately for the speech. Looking professional will improve your credibility to the audience. Maintain eye contact and avoid staring down at the table or keeping your face buried in your notes. Remember to take deep, calm breaths. Avoid the use of filler sounds like "umm" or "uhh" as they will make you seem less knowledgeable. A few seconds of silence is perfectly fine as you gather your thoughts; it will seem much longer to you than the audience.