Lathes spin a metallic workload around a rotating axis. Most metal lathes on the market are available featuring adjustable speeds. These lathes are capable of rotating the workload around an axis several thousand times per minute. Cutting, grinding or other abrasive tools are applied to the rotating workload, modifying its shape. Some types of metal lathes can be modified to become milling machines.
Several integral components come together in the formation of a metal lathe. A metal lathe's cross slide, top slide, and saddle are housed in the carriage. The saddle houses gears and a headstock is employed to make speeds variable. The spindle and tailstock hold opposite ends of the workload.
Metal lathes can be very dangerous power tools if the operator uses them carelessly or incorrectly. Safety measures should be in place before operating them. Loose articles of clothing can easily get caught in the lathe during rotation, which is why loose clothing like ties should be secured before operation. If available, guards should be in place before operation to prevent objects getting caught in the device and to prevent debris from becoming airborne and injuring the operator.