Locate a sturdy stick approximately 10 inches long and 1 or 2 inches wide, for the bow part of your bow drill, which early humans used to create fire. Holding the stick, tie a strong vine to each end, leaving some slack in the line for wrapping around the spindle.
Find a stick 6 to 8 inches long for your spindle. Find a rectangular piece of wood to use as your hearthboard; it should be just wider than the spindle's diameter and about 6 to 8 inches long.
Wrap the string from the bow around the spindle in a loop. Hold the hearthboard with your foot while holding the spindle with one hand and pressing it against the hearthboard.
Grasp the bow with your other hand and push it back and forth. This will cause the spindle to spin against the hearthboard, eventually creating a piece of char, which you can add to tinder to start a fire.
Locate a piece of green, flexible wood about 12 inches long and 1 to 2 inches thick. Find a blunt rock and a sharp rock.
Chisel a notch on both ends of the stick by using the blunt rock as a hammer and the sharp rock as a chisel. Split the stick in half. You may have to create several notches along the length of the stick to get it to split well.
Gather some strong grass or green vines to use for tying. Open the two halves of the stick and place the sharp rock inside, protruding like a blade. Secure the rock by tying the stick pieces together at each end of the rock.
Find a sturdy, green stick that will not absorb water and a sharp rock. The stick needs to be 4 to 6 feet long and between 2 to 3 inches wide, depending on the size of the fish you want to catch.
Carve the spear using the sharp rock, making either one or two prongs at the end of your spear. Typically, early humans used spears with two prongs in shallow water to spear the fish and hold it to the bottom before pulling it to the surface.
Attach a vine to a single-prong spear so you can retrieve it after you throw it. Early humans used single-prong spears in deeper waters by throwing them at the fish.
Make a mortar by finding either a hollowed-out rock or one made of soft material, such as sandstone.
Create a hollow in the sandstone rock by pounding one flat, dull "hammer" rock against another sharp, "cutting" rock repeatedly in the middle of the sandstone rock. This will dig out the beginnings of a hollow, which will become even deeper with repeated use.
Locate a hardstone rock that is long, with a good area to hold onto and a wide base for crushing to use as the pestle. Experiment with several different combinations until you find one that is effective. Crush rice, wheat, and other items with the mortar and pestle, first used by early man.