There are four primary types of nurses, and within these types are additional specialties. Each type of nursing job has different educational and licensing requirements.
Registered nurses (RNs) are graduates of an accredited Associate's or Bachelor's degree program in nursing. Candidates for RN licensure must also pass a comprehensive professional board examination.
Licensed practical nurses (LPNs) work under the direction of RNs and doctors. LPN training programs are 12 to 18 months long, and include clinical experience.
Nurse practitioners (NP) are registered nurses with advanced training in treating patients, and work under the supervision of an MD. NPs complete a Bachelor's degree in nursing followed by 1 to 2 years of additional training (usually obtaining a Master's degree) and successful completion of a board examination.
Certified Nurse-Midwives (CNMs) are nurses with advanced training in delivering babies, and giving gynecological and obstetric care. Requirements for licensure include completion of a Bachelor's degree in nursing, followed by a certificate or Master's degree program in Nurse-Midwifery and successful completion of a comprehensive exam.
Nursing coursework includes training in anatomy and physiology, pathology, human development, pharmacology, treatment modalities and medical terminology. All nursing programs also include a clinical component.