Start the lecture with some of the most important information as a way to spark interest early on -- as long as the information will make sense to the students. Start with an interesting anecdote, quote or unexpected analogy. Or, mention a current event that students are familiar with. Use different openings each class, since the same technique loses its effect over time.
Write down the objectives of the lecture on the board or pass out handouts that contain an outline of the lecture. Instructors often pass out a syllabus that covers the main ideas covered throughout the course, but handouts with information specific to the lecture can help break down complex lessons and make them easier to absorb.
Regularly ask students questions to ensure that they understand the material conveyed during the lecture. Also, ask questions intended to challenge student thinking by forcing them to confront their assumptions. For example, ask students what the world would be like if there was no gravity. Questions help lectures remain conversational.
Provide graphical representations of important statistics related to the lecture instead of simply sharing the data. Use statistics to reinforce information that is controversial or not common knowledge, such as statistics demonstrating the genetic similarities between humans and chimpanzees. Use images or video when information is not easily delivered orally. For example, a class might cover the relationship between advertising and color, with examples of advertisements that use color to improve brand recognition.
Conclude the lecture by explaining why the information is important and how the various parts of the lecture come together. Consider ending with a thought-provoking question. Point out how the information connects to the the topic covered in the next class, giving the students a preview. Also, touch on what they need to do to prepare for next class.