Doctor of Medicine degrees can be earned from a four-year medical school. Students typically take classes such as physiology, microbiology, pharmacology, foundations for medicine, practice of medicine, core principles in medicine, morphological and developmental basis of medicine, pediatrics, clinical neurological sciences, ambulatory care, cardiology, surgery and obstetrics and gynecology, depending on the specialty chosen. After completing the Doctor of Medicine degree program, graduating students must serve residencies in hospitals or clinics for three to eight years before taking board or state licensing exams.
Graduate programs are available at medical schools across the country, offering medical programs including biomedical imaging, pathology, molecular pharmacology, microbiology, computational biology, medical and molecular parasitology, immunology and inflammation, developmental genetics, stem cell biology, and neuroscience and physiology. Graduate students from programs such as these earn a Ph.D in a particular area of medical specialization. Students can expect to take courses such as molecular oncology, advanced immunology, research in pharmacology, research in developmental genetics, advanced cell biology and systems neuroscience.
Post-graduate medical schools offer courses in almost all branches of medicine. Graduate students looking to further their medical education can pursue a post-graduate medical degree. Courses taken at the post-graduate level usually earn students a post-graduate level certificate in a chosen medical specialty. Courses include anesthesiology, pain medicine, dermatology, nephrology, rheumatology, pulmonary and critical care medicine, critical care medicine, clinical pharmacology, general internal medicine, molecular and cell biology, hematology, cardiovascular disease, pediatric and adult endocrinology, gastroenterology, geriatrics, infectious disease, neuro-oncology tumor, neurosurgery, and obstetrics and gynecology.
Masters of Science degrees in clinical investigation, among other master's degree medical programs, are offered at various colleges throughout the country. NYU's School of Medicine offers a Master of Science degree in clinical investigation, which includes concentrations in public health research and translational medicine. With a focus on public health research, students focus on disease prevention, preparedness in urban communities and health promotion. With a concentration in translational medicine, students focus on research linking laboratory discoveries to clinical applications.