Most aspiring dentists obtain a bachelor of science degree in fields such as biology or chemistry. Candidates for dental school must pass the Dental Admissions Test, or DAT.
Once accepted to dental school, students will spend another four to five years taking numerous science courses and labs, and completing research. Students also will take courses in anatomy, microbiology, physiology, oral health, periodontics, dental neuroscience, dental radiography, orthodontics, endodontics, preventive dentistry, anesthesia, oral surgery, and nutrition. During the last two years in dental school, students will be supervised as they treat patients during. Most students will graduate with a degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery (DDS) or Doctor of Dental Medicine (DDM).
Dentists who want to practice in a specialty will have to complete additional training. A dentist can acquire specialized training in pediatric dentistry, orthodontics, prosthodontics, and endodontics. Upon successful completion of their additional training, dentists receive certification in their specialization. Depending on the school, dentists may earn a second doctor of dentistry degree or a master's degree in their specialized area.
All states require that dental graduates be licensed to practice. Most licensures require graduates to pass state written and practical exams.
Following graduation, dentists will spend one to two years training with an experienced dentist. Many go on to become employed with a hospital, while others begin their own private practice.
Many dentists have private practices or enter partnerships with other dentists. The field of public health dentistry focuses on health policies and promoting dental health. According to the American Dental Association, careers in academic dentistry look promising. The work involves teaching, research and community service. Other career opportunities involve international health care in which dentists volunteer their professional services to treat and health promote dental health in third world countries. Hospital dentistry will demand some knowledge of medicine, operating and emergency rooms. Dentists in the hospital field work with patients who have medical conditions and disabilities.
In 2006, the average annual income for salaried dentists was $136,960, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Dentists with their own private practice earn more than salaried dentists.