Physical Properties of Molybdenum

Discovered in 1791 in Uppsala, Sweden, molybdenum is mined in the United States, Bolivia, Australia, Norway and Italy. Each year, mines produce approximately 80,000 tons of this transition metal, which is used in the production of steel, missiles, electrical heaters and broiler plates.
  1. Atomic Mass Average

    • Molybdenum has an average atomic mass of 95.94. This is measured by adding the isotope mass and multiplying it by the natural abundance. It is also called the atomic weight.

    Density

    • At 300k, Molybdenum has a density of 10.22g/cm3. Density is a ratio between mass and volume.

    Conductivity

    • The electrical conductivity of molybdenum is 0.187 10^6/cm Ω, while the thermal conductivity is 1.38 W/cmK. Electrical conductivity refers to the heat transfer between two solids touching each other. Thermal conductivity is the electrical current transfer through a solid or a liquid.

    Specific Heat

    • The specific heat for molybdenum is 0.25 J/gK. This is a ratio of heat capacities of substance to water.

    Boiling Point

    • The boiling point of molybdenum is measured at 4885K or 4612°C or 8334°F. That means that the vapor pressure is greater than or equal to the atmospheric pressure.

    Melting Point or Freezing Point

    • The melting point is 2890K or 2617°C or 4743°F for molybdenum. This is the temperature needed to reach equilibrium. It is called the melting point when it is going from solid to equilibrium and a freezing point when it is going from liquid to equilibrium.

    Heat of Vaporization

    • Molybdenum's heat of vaporization is 598 kJ/mol. This is the heat needed to turn the element from a liquid to a gas.

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