Conduct a literature search using abstracts and indexes to determine existing information on child abuse. Skim, scan and map literature to preview, select and organize data. Catalog and document the data that provides the strongest evidence to support the study. A literature search on physical abuse, for example, indicates that it includes physical injury, burning or harming a child by any person having custody, care or charge of the child. It is a major public health problem in many parts of the world, as more than 40 million children suffer from abuse and/or neglect.
Organize the data into a body of evidence. Arrange the claims logically to form the case and develop the argument from the case. The data from the literature search on child abuse, for example, could be organized as physical abuse, emotional abuse, impact of child abuse and neglect, and prevention.
Assemble, synthesize and analyze the data to form the argument based on current knowledge. Conclusions or claims should be defendable from the evidence. For example, there is high prevalence of mental health problems among victims of childhood abuse.
Critique the literature, analyzing how previous knowledge answers the research question. For example, psychotherapy has been effective in ameliorating behavioral and emotional consequences of childhood abuse. However, the efforts for recognizing mental health problems from childhood abuse and the resources available to provide services to victims are inadequate.
Transform the research project into a document for others. Write the literature review through composing, molding and refining with the intended audience in mind. For example, there is the need for an increased understanding of the requirement for the provision of rehabilitation opportunities to victims of childhood abuse. The major contribution should come from psychiatry, allied health, mental health and medical professionals.