How to Calculate Speed & Power

In physics class, you've been introduced to many new terms and concepts -- kinetic energy, static friction and even uniform circular motion. There's no need, however, to be intimidated by power. If you've ever heard a car commercial talk about horsepower, you already have a head start on understanding the concept. Cars provide a concrete way of thinking about power not only because of commercials, but because power is related to speed. As long as the force acting on the car (or any object) is in the same direction as its motion, power can be calculated from speed, as well as speed from power.

Things You'll Need

  • Calculator
  • Paper and pencil
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Instructions

  1. Calculating Power from Speed

    • 1

      Determine the magnitude (the value or number) of the force in the direction of motion. If the force is completely in the direction of motion, this number is simply the value of the force. If the force is at an angle to the direction of motion, use trigonometry to calculate the component that is in the same direction as the motion. For example, if a car is traveling along the x-axis, and the force is 50 N at an angle of 30 degrees above the x-axis, then use 50cos(30) N for the force.

    • 2

      Multiply the force by the speed to find power.

    • 3

      Label your answer with the appropriate units. The international unit for power is the watt (W), but other units include horsepower (hp) and foot-pounds per second (lb/s). The units of the force and speed will determine the units of power.

    Calculating Speed from Power

    • 4

      Determine the force in the direction of motion.

    • 5

      Divide power by the force.

    • 6

      Label your answer in meters per second (m/s), miles per hour (mph), kilometers per hour (km/h) or other unit based on the dimensions of power and force.

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