Researchers may find an intersection of economics and engineering in the area of finance. Engineers often use cost accounting, including cost-benefit analysis, to determine whether a construction design project is viable. The financial viability of a construction project can have positive or negative impacts on local communities. Construction projects that do go forward can inject new discretionary spending into a local economy, attract new businesses to the area and result in higher tax revenue.
Engineering failures can also have negative effects on local economies. For example, the failed levee in New Orleans during Hurricane Katrina had devastating effects on the local economy. Examine the impact of engineering failures in various locations, and the ability for the local economy to rebound afterward. Review city revenue and unemployment statistics along with population levels to conduct a statistical analysis.
Land is a scarce resource. There is only so much land for farming and only so much left for human habitat and non-agricultural work. Engineering issues that arise from the natural economic constraints of land use are compounded by the need to preserve ecosystems to maintain a healthy use of the planet. Paper topics in this area include study of advances in engineering to more effectively use land, such as compact space design, multipurpose designs and vertical development of urban landscapes.
Construction techniques can be costly in regard to cash outlays, but can also be costly in terms of the use of available energy sources. Paper projects can analyze common construction project energy use and use statistical analysis to assess the impact on the environment. Researchers may also compare typical construction energy expenditures with companies that have found innovative ways to reduce energy consumption during construction.