Electronics & Levitation Ball Magnet Projects

There are kits available that allow users to suspend magnetized objects (such as a metal ball) within the magnetic field produced by an electro-magnet. For example, mechanical engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have produced an easy-to-assemble kit for use by students who have enrolled in courses on feedback systems. While they are easy to put together, the initial performance of these machines is poor, forcing students to find ways to improve the device. Consider creating a science project on the optimization of these and similar devices. Factors that should be taken into consideration include sensor selection and placement, the design of the coil actuator, the properties of the suspended object and the power electronics, among others. As of 2011, kits may be purchased for between $20 and $30.
  1. Dynamic Range

    • One type of project associated with these devices involves improving their dynamic range. The range is defined as the periodic movement of the suspended object as it moves up and down. Devices with wider dynamic ranges will allow the objects they suspend to move greater distances within the field. In order to determine when the dynamic range is the greatest, use a ruler to measure how far the object travels as it oscillates back and forth.

    Disturbance Rejection

    • Disturbance rejection refers to the ratio between the heaviest object levitated and the lightest object levitated in a system with a constant number of magnets and a constant configuration. Systems with better disturbance rejections will be able to lift the greatest range of objects with respect to their weight. Try to design a system with the greatest disturbance rejection possible.

    Heaviest Objects

    • Consider a project whereby you improve the system so that it can lift heavier and heavier objects. The aim should be to maximize the amount of weight your system can levitate. Try doing this with one, two and three magnets at a time. Results are determined by weighing the heaviest object successfully levitated.

    Power Consumption

    • Consider creating a project whereby your system is able to lift a magnetized object of a pre-determined weight using the least amount of energy possible. Results of the experiment can be measured using an ammeter.

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