1. Focus on Human Experience and Reason:
* Humanist Emphasis: The book centers around Folly, a personification of foolishness, who celebrates human weaknesses and flaws. This focus on human experience and its imperfections is a hallmark of humanist thought.
* Reason and Morality: Erasmus uses humor and wit to critique the excesses of religious dogma, political corruption, and societal hypocrisy. He appeals to reason and common sense to challenge established norms and advocate for a more ethical and humane world.
* Focus on Individuality: Folly's voice champions the individual and their unique perspective, rejecting blind adherence to tradition and authority. This aligns with the humanist emphasis on the individual's potential and capacity for self-discovery.
2. Use of Classical Literary Techniques:
* Satire and Irony: Erasmus employs satire, wit, and irony, mimicking the style of classical authors like Horace and Lucian. He uses these techniques to expose societal flaws and encourage reflection.
* Dialogic Structure: The work uses a dialogic structure, mimicking the format of classical dialogues, where Folly interacts with various characters, presenting her perspective and challenging their assumptions.
3. Emphasis on Education and Moral Improvement:
* Education as Key: Erasmus believed education was crucial for personal and societal improvement. *Praise of Folly* uses humor to teach and enlighten, urging readers to question established norms and strive for a more just and virtuous society.
* Moral Compass: The book indirectly promotes a moral compass based on reason, empathy, and ethical conduct, key elements of humanist thought.
4. Influence on the Renaissance:
* Impact on Thought: Erasmus's work was widely read and influential, contributing to the intellectual climate of the Renaissance. It inspired other humanist thinkers and artists, influencing their work and furthering the humanist movement.
In conclusion:
*Praise of Folly* embodies humanist principles through its focus on human experience, the use of classical literary techniques, its emphasis on education and moral improvement, and its significant influence on the Renaissance intellectual landscape. It serves as a prime example of how art can be used to critique, enlighten, and advocate for positive societal change.