Here's how:
* Contrasting Appearances: The chapter emphasizes the stark contrast between the elegance of Miss Havisham's decaying mansion and the squalor of Pip's life in the forge. This serves as a commentary on the superficiality of wealth and the stark reality of poverty.
* The "Gentleman" Deception: Pip's admiration for the "gentlemanly" qualities of Miss Havisham's adopted son, Estella, is contrasted with his own sense of inferiority and the reality of his social status. This highlights the arbitrary nature of social hierarchies and the way that wealth and status are often used to maintain power.
* The Importance of Appearances: The chapter focuses on the importance of appearances and the ways in which individuals are judged based on their clothing and behavior. This is particularly evident in Pip's interactions with the "gentlemanly" characters at Miss Havisham's, and his own desire to be perceived as a "gentleman."
* The Power of Money: The chapter subtly points towards the corrupting influence of wealth, as demonstrated by Miss Havisham's bitter and vengeful nature. Her wealth has allowed her to live a life of isolation and obsession, and she uses her money to manipulate others.
While Dickens doesn't directly ridicule businessmen, the chapter's themes suggest that their wealth and social status may be more about appearances and power than genuine worth. It highlights the disparity between social classes and the corrupting influence of wealth.
However, it's important to remember that Dickens's critique of the upper class is not always direct. His use of symbolism and character development allows for a more subtle and nuanced exploration of these themes.