Which historical events most shaped works by John Steinbeck?

* The Great Depression: The Great Depression was a significant influence on Steinbeck's work, as he witnessed its effects firsthand. His novel "The Grapes of Wrath" (1939) is considered one of the most important literary works about the Great Depression and describes the struggles of migrant workers during this period.

* World War II: Steinbeck's experiences during World War II also heavily influenced his writing. He served as a war correspondent for the New York Herald Tribune and witnessed various significant events, including the Battle of Anzio. These experiences influenced works such as "The Moon Is Down" (1942) and "Cannery Row" (1945).

* The Cold War: The Cold War's tensions and fears contributed to Steinbeck's writing during the 1940s and 1950s. His novel "The Winter of Our Discontent" (1961) reflects the social and political anxieties prevalent during the Cold War era.