1. Rejection of Traditional Narrative Structures:
* The novel is fragmented, following a series of vignettes rather than a linear plot. This reflects the modern sense of disjointedness and the lack of a clear, unifying narrative in a rapidly changing world.
* The focus on the present moment and the characters' internal struggles emphasizes the emotional and psychological aspects of human experience, a key element of Modernist literature.
2. Exploration of Alienation and Isolation:
* Lennie and George are outcasts, constantly on the move, unable to find a place where they belong. This reflects the modern sense of loneliness and alienation in a society that is becoming increasingly urbanized and impersonal.
* Their dream of owning a farm, while seemingly traditional, becomes a symbol of hope in a world where traditional values are eroding. It represents a longing for connection and a sense of belonging in the face of a harsh reality.
3. Focus on Subjectivity and Stream of Consciousness:
* The novel delves into the inner thoughts and feelings of Lennie and George, often through their dialogue. This stream-of-consciousness approach allows readers to experience the characters' subjective realities, mirroring the Modernist emphasis on individual perception.
* The frequent shifts in focus between Lennie's childlike innocence and George's pragmatic realism further highlight their unique perspectives on the world.
4. Symbolism and Ambiguity:
* The novel uses symbols like the rabbits, the farm, and the river to evoke complex meanings and emotions. These symbols are open to interpretation, reflecting the Modernist embrace of ambiguity and the rejection of clear-cut answers.
* The ending, with Lennie's death, is particularly ambiguous, raising questions about the nature of justice, compassion, and the futility of dreams in a world that often seems indifferent to human suffering.
5. Rejection of Idealism:
* The novel portrays the harsh realities of life for migrant workers, highlighting the social injustices and economic inequality they face. It challenges traditional notions of progress and success, a common theme in Modernist literature.
* The dream of owning a farm ultimately proves unattainable, showcasing the disillusionment and cynicism that characterized the Modernist era.
In conclusion, while "Of Mice and Men" is not a strictly Modernist novel, it reflects certain aspects of the movement through its exploration of alienation, subjectivity, symbolism, and the disillusionment of dreams in a rapidly changing world.