Basic Structure
The basic format is:
* Author A's Last Name (Year of Publication) stated that [quote or paraphrase from Author B].
Example:
* Smith (2023) stated that "the use of social media has significantly impacted communication patterns" (Jones, 2021, p. 15).
Key Points:
* Direct Quotation: Use quotation marks and include the page number where the quote appears in Author B's work.
* Paraphrase: You don't need quotation marks, but still cite Author B and the year of publication.
* Multiple Authors: If Author B has multiple authors, list all authors the first time you cite them. After that, use the first author's last name followed by "et al." (e.g., Jones et al., 2021).
Example with Multiple Authors
* Smith (2023) argued that "the impact of technology on education is a complex issue" (Brown, Davis, & Johnson, 2020, p. 23).
* Smith (2023) further supported this claim by citing Brown et al. (2020).
In-Text Citations
* Parenthetical Citations: Place the citation at the end of the sentence or phrase that contains the borrowed material.
* Narrative Citations: Integrate the author's name and year of publication directly into the text.
Reference List
You must include both Author A's and Author B's works in your reference list.
Example Reference List Entries
Author A's work:
* Smith, J. (2023). *The impact of technology on communication*. [Book title, journal article title, etc.]
Author B's work:
* Jones, S. (2021). *The evolution of communication in the digital age*. [Book title, journal article title, etc.]
* Brown, K., Davis, M., & Johnson, R. (2020). *Technology and education: A critical analysis*. [Book title, journal article title, etc.]
Remember: APA style guidelines can be complex. Always refer to the official APA Publication Manual for the most up-to-date rules and formatting requirements.