19th Century:
* Charles Dickens: His novels like "Hard Times" and "Oliver Twist" vividly portrayed the harsh realities of poverty, child labor, and social inequality in Victorian England, directly linked to the rise of industrialization.
* Friedrich Engels: Co-author of "The Communist Manifesto" with Karl Marx, Engels documented the appalling living conditions of the working class in industrializing Manchester in his book "The Condition of the Working Class in England".
* Emile Zola: A prominent figure in French Naturalism, Zola's novels like "Germinal" explored the struggles of miners and the brutal realities of industrial life, including strikes and social unrest.
* Leo Tolstoy: While not solely focused on industrialization, Tolstoy's work like "War and Peace" touched upon the societal upheaval and moral consequences of industrialization's impact on traditional values.
20th Century:
* John Steinbeck: His novels like "The Grapes of Wrath" portrayed the displacement and hardships faced by migrant workers during the Dust Bowl era, a period heavily impacted by industrial agriculture.
* Jack London: Known for his stories about the harsh realities of labor, London's novels like "The Iron Heel" explored themes of social inequality and the potential for class conflict in an industrial society.
* George Orwell: Orwell's dystopian novels like "Nineteen Eighty-Four" highlighted the potential for authoritarianism and social control in an industrialized world.
* Ursula K. Le Guin: While not strictly critiquing industrialization, Le Guin's science fiction works, like "The Dispossessed," explored the consequences of industrial capitalism on society and individual freedom.
Beyond Novels:
* Karl Marx: His critique of capitalism, as laid out in "Das Kapital," directly addressed the problems of industrialization, including alienation of labor, exploitation, and the concentration of wealth.
This is just a sampling of the many authors who explored the complexities of industrialization through their works. Their writings offer valuable insights into the social, economic, and environmental consequences of this transformative period in history.