1. Using "et al."
* This is the most common method and is used when there are more than two authors.
* Example:
* Original Citation: Smith, J., Jones, A., & Brown, K. (2023). The impact of social media on mental health. Journal of Psychology, 100(1), 55-72.
* Subsequent Citation: Smith et al. (2023) found that...
2. Using "and others"
* This is an alternative to "et al." and is sometimes used in informal writing.
* Example:
* Subsequent Citation: Smith and others (2023) argued that...
3. Listing all authors
* This is typically done in the first citation and only if there are less than three authors.
* Example:
* Original Citation: Smith, J., & Jones, A. (2023). The impact of social media on mental health. Journal of Psychology, 100(1), 55-72.
* Subsequent Citation: Smith and Jones (2023) found that...
4. Using a shortened version of the first author's name
* This is common in some citation styles, particularly when citing multiple works by the same author.
* Example:
* Original Citation: Smith, J., Jones, A., & Brown, K. (2023). The impact of social media on mental health. Journal of Psychology, 100(1), 55-72.
* Subsequent Citation: Smith et al. (2023), Smith and Jones (2022)...
5. Using a numbering system
* Some citation styles, like APA, use a numbering system to refer to citations in the text.
* Example:
* Original Citation: Smith, J., Jones, A., & Brown, K. (2023). The impact of social media on mental health. Journal of Psychology, 100(1), 55-72.
* Subsequent Citation: The results of the study (Smith et al., 2023) suggest...
Remember: The specific style you should use depends on the guidelines of the journal, publication, or organization you are citing for.