Major Works:
* A History of Early India (1975): A comprehensive and influential work that analyzes the history of ancient India from the Indus Valley Civilization to the Gupta Empire.
* Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300 (1998): A revised and updated version of "A History of Early India," offering a more nuanced understanding of the period.
* The Penguin History of Early India (2002): A concise and engaging introduction to the history of ancient India, written for a broader audience.
* Ancient Indian Social History: Some Interpretations (1978): A collection of essays exploring different aspects of social life in ancient India, including caste, gender, and religion.
* The Past Before Us (1993): A collection of essays that examines the role of history in contemporary Indian society.
* Somanatha: The Many Voices of a Shrine (2003): A study of the Somanatha temple in Gujarat and its complex history, highlighting the intersection of religion, politics, and culture.
* Interpreting Early India (2016): A collection of essays that reflect on Thapar's intellectual journey and her contributions to the field of Indian history.
Other Notable Works:
* History and Interpretation (1988): A collection of essays that explores the theoretical underpinnings of historical research.
* The Aryan Invasion-India's Past: Theories, Evidences and Controversies (2000): A critical examination of the Aryan invasion theory and its impact on Indian history.
* India: The Ancient Past (2005): A short but insightful introduction to ancient Indian history, written for young readers.
* The Penguin History of Modern India (2015): A comprehensive account of modern Indian history, written in collaboration with Rajeev Bhargava.
In addition to these books, Romila Thapar has also written numerous articles, essays, and reviews, published in academic journals and edited collections.
Her work is known for its intellectual rigor, meticulous research, and critical analysis. Thapar has challenged conventional interpretations of Indian history and has contributed significantly to our understanding of the ancient and early medieval period.